DOI
10.1007/s41111-016-0039-6

Summary
The publication aims to establish a link between “Rational Choice” theory and “Cultural/historical” approaches of analysis within the field of comparative politics. It does so by presenting a model based on complex adaptive systems, which incorporates insights from historical and cultural analysis, studying them as possible choices in different set of games. For this purpose, the authors introduced the concept of “Behavioral Spillover”, a set of emergent (i.e. complex) cultural behaviors that influences people’s decisions in others institutional settings. Through this theoretical device, the model incorporates both the advantages of Rational Choice theory and Cultural/historical analysis, taking into account individuals’ choices and the larger institutional, cultural and religious settings in which decisions are taken. In this model, complex systems methods are not used as substitutes of both theoretical devices, but rather as bridges to build a stronger collaboration between rigorous, quantitative mathematical models (“Rational Choice”) and lengthy, qualitative descriptive accounts (“Cultural and historical” analysis).

Relevance for Complex Systems Knowledge
The paper directly deals with the issue of interdisciplinarity by establishing a dialogue between two traditionally opposed methodologies in the field of political science. Complex Systems analysis is applied as a bridge to overcome old disputes between “scientific” and “humanistic” approach to comparative politics.

Since one of the most important roles of comparative politics is to help design and advise developmental projects, the model presented in this paper can produce new relevant insights and suggestions for policy makers, pushing the agenda towards new “bottom-up” approaches more adherent to reality.

Point of Strength
• It presents an actual practice for Complex Systems approach in the field political science
• It establishes a link between “hard” and “soft” science
• It shows relevant insights for decision makers