DOI
https://doi.org/10.3916/C51-2017-05

Summary
The article presents the results of fostering autonomous learning for Pre-School and Primary Teacher degree students. The strategy used in the project is based on online questionnaires with formative assessment and automatic feedback as a replacement of teaching assistance in virtual and blended contexts. Firstly, the authors present the purpose of the research and the concepts of autonomous learning, formative assessment, automatic and formative feedback. Secondly, they introduce the research methodology, that is, the structure of implemented course and how the online questionnaire is incorporated in the course by the means of context, participants, and evaluation methodology. Thirdly, analysis on students’ behavior in answering questionnaires and students’ perspective is provided. Finally, the discussion highlights the advantages and challenges of online questionnaires, such as student-centered learning, students’ motivation, automatic feedback.

Relevance for Complex Systems Knowledge
The research on autonomous learning using automatic questionnaires was provided in this article. This type of learning enables to apply complex formative assessment approach which results is a more sustainable instructors’ work. The authors discuss rules for accessibility of tests between the attempts, possibility to identify doubts and errors in the questionnaire, the form of the feedback and their impact to the students’ motivation. The innovative artificial intelligence methods can be applied in such systems to reflect students’ needs and expectations.

Point of Strength
The point of strength is a provided scheme of complex formative assessment program by the application of online questionnaires.