DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/su12104247

Summary
The paper aims to review the existing research on the role of urban vegetation in mitigating the adverse effects of climate change in urban environments. The authors conducted a literature review of documents found in Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar using keywords related to urban vegetation and climate change. From this review, they identified five major issues related to the urban environment: particulate matter, gaseous pollution, noise pollution, water runoff, and the urban heat island effect. The authors argue that the role of urban vegetation in mitigating the adverse effects of climate change cannot be simply deemed positive or negative. The effectiveness of urban greenery depends on its structure, composition, and distribution, as well as the criteria used for its management. Therefore, it is important to view urban greenery as a complex system and to conduct further research to better understand its roles. The paper provides practical guidelines for city planners based on the findings of the literature review. In conclusion, the paper highlights the importance of urban vegetation in mitigating the adverse effects of climate change in urban environments. However, it also emphasizes the need for further research to better understand the roles of urban greenery as a complex system and to develop effective management strategies for maximizing its potential.

Relevance for Complex Systems Knowledge
The authors investigate vegetation's role as a mitigating factor of climate changes in the urban context. They affirm that this role could not be deemed merely positive or negative because the urban green system is complex. Its contribution to resilient cities is strongly linked to the structure, composition, distribution, and vegetation management.

Point of Strength
This review analyzes the factors that influence vegetation's effects in mitigating the urban climate changes (removing particulate and gaseous pollutants, reducing noise pollution, speed of water runoff, and urban heat island effect).
An efficient mitigation strategy does not assure only a generic expansion of urban vegetation, but it is a priority to establish rules about where what, and
how to plant and also about who should be in charge of planting and managing green areas.
This review could help students understand urban green's roles as a complex system in achieving thematic goals.