DOI
DOI 10.1108/IJMPB-08-2015-0072

Summary
The paper proposes the adoption of insights stemming from complexity science to the planning, management and evaluation of international projects. A common framework adopted by donor agencies is the results-based management (RBM), used side by side with conventional tools for monitoring and evaluation (including “logframe”, logic model and results frameworks). The literature on Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS) provides relevant insights for broadening traditional project management practices. Conventional methods are not dismissed, but empowered by the analysis of international projects provided by CAS. The observations emerged from the study carried out are: (1) there is a need for a more systemic and holistic approach in designing and managing international projects; (2) CAS and RBM analysis are not mutually exclusive, but complementary; (3) CAS-led approaches are necessary in the analysis of results, in order to overcome too narrow linear considerations; (4) NGOs and donor agencies can produce significant and enduring results, if they successfully link the individual and organizational levels of capacity development.

Relevance for Complex Systems Knowledge
The paper proposes the adoption of an integrative approach capable of integrating CAS methodology in traditional practices of project management. Thus, the design and implementation of international projects are strengthened by a more system focused and holistic approach, placing more emphasis on context, adaptability and learning.

Point of Strength
- The paper has a strong multidisciplinary perspective, as it intersects between project management, organizational studies and international development theory and practice;
- The article expands the traditional tools of project management and project evaluation.