DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2018.12.006

Summary
The necessity of systems thinking to future healthcare students in the high-tech complex healthcare environment, its challenges, teaching practices, and strategies are covered in this article. The authors provide motivation behind systems thinking in the healthcare field as the knowledge and skills on data collection, synthesis, identification of relationships and trends require complex thinking to make care decisions. Thus, the knowledge of informatics by the means of its safe and effective use in the high-tech healthcare environment is emphasized. The principles and strategies to facilitate systems thinking approach (TeamSTEPPS®, interprofessional education (IPE), and (interprofessional practice) IPP) and pedagogies to teach it (reductionism, paragogy, heutagogy) are discussed to demonstrate a variety of possible approaches in teaching systems thinking.

Relevance for Complex Systems Knowledge
The authors describe the system thinking approach in preparing healthcare students. They emphasize the importance of students’ competences in the field of informatics meaning that students should learn how to collect data, identify causal relations, interactions and trends for more in-depth information. Authors mention that systems thinking in development critical thinking enables students to prepare for the real-life tasks in the work environment. During the educational process, students experience collaborative teamwork to improve communication skills by the means of use and sharing information which is a necessary skill to work in interprofessional/interdisciplinary teams. The authors note that encouraging success of a team contradicts the conventional teaching strategy which focuses on individual knowledge and individual success.

Point of Strength
The article describes main strategies to teach systems thinking in dynamic healthcare system and their relation to high tech environment and informatics.